SMART PLANT SYSTEMS (MICRO:BIT + 3D DESIGN) – SCOPES-DF

Lesson Details

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Author

Noel Trembly
Noel Trembly

Summary

Students will design and grow a plant in a custom 3D-printed pot while building a micro:bit-based sensor system to monitor environmental conditions (light, temperature, and soil moisture). They will use data to make informed decisions about plant care.

What You'll Need

  • Micro:bits (2 per group)
  • Soil moisture sensor (or DIY probes)
  • Plants/seeds and soil
  • 3D printers + filament
  • Computers (with MakeCode + TinkerCAD/Fusion360/Shapr3D or similar CAD software)

 

Lesson Materials

Learning Objectives

The primary learning objectives for this activity are for students to understand:

  1. DESIGN: how to design a product for a specific task, using both CAD design and physical electronics
  2. SCIENCE: how a variety of environmental factors affect the life and health of living things

 

Secondary learning objectives include:

  • Design a functional, plant-specific pot using CAD software, addressing the plant’s individual needs
  • Program a micro:bit to collect and transmit environmental data relevant to the identified needs
  • Interpret sensor data to improve plant care
  • Reflect on the effectiveness of their design and system

 

Reflection

Collaboration: Reflect on how you worked with colleagues or FLA participants during the Field Activity. At what stages of development and testing did the collaborator contribute? Please be detailed in your description. How did your collaborator’s perspective change the way you developed the lesson?

 

The collaboration between myself and Brady Snyder (LCC Fab Lab) was highly productive and iterative throughout the development of our Field Activity. Early in the process, we met to share and refine our initial ideas. Brady proposed designing a lesson centered on optics, integrating Physics, Design, and Environmental Systems Science. I, on the other hand, proposed an interdisciplinary unit connecting Design with our school gardening club, where students would use sensors to collect data on sunlight, temperature, and soil moisture to better understand and support plant growth.

After discussing both concepts, we quickly brainstormed implementation possibilities and decided to move forward with my idea, as it was more feasible within our school context and could be implemented more efficiently with available resources.

Our collaboration continued through the development and testing phase. We both experimented with coding solutions for data collection, comparing approaches and combining the most effective elements from each. This iterative process led us to refine and ultimately develop our own custom code. We also worked jointly to troubleshoot and successfully implement the Micro:bit radio communication between devices. In addition, we tested the soil moisture sensors together to ensure accuracy and reliability in real-world conditions.

For the final presentation, we divided responsibilities based on strengths and interests: I focused primarily on the research component and the 3D-printed elements of the project, while Brady concentrated on the coding and technical implementation.

This collaboration significantly shifted my perspective on data collection and system design. Initially, I envisioned a continuous, real-time data monitoring system that would allow remote access at any moment. However, through discussion with Brady, I recognized the limitations of this approach in terms of complexity and reliability. He suggested instead collecting data at regular intervals (e.g., every hour), which ultimately proved to be a more practical and effective solution for our context.

 

Instructional Challenges: What challenges did you encounter while teaching this lesson? How did you address or plan to address them? How are diverse learners’ needs being met in the lesson plan facilitation?

 

One of the main instructional challenges encountered during this lesson would be maintaining consistent student engagement. Given the age group, students can become easily distracted, and even well-structured, time-bound activities require ongoing redirection and support to keep learners focused and on task.

Another challenge is managing students being overwhelm. Although the lesson is intentionally designed with a low floor and high ceiling to support a wide range of abilities, some students can still be hesitant when presented with optional extension tasks such as advanced Micro:bit programming or more complex environmental data analysis. To address this, scaffolding and tiered entry points can be used so that all students could successfully begin the task, while extensions were framed as optional explorations rather than expectations.

Time constraints also significantly impacted instruction. With only one class period per week, continuity is fragile. Absences, school-wide events, or student participation in extracurricular activities can easily lead to missed instruction and learning gaps. To mitigate this, the lesson sequence was designed in modular steps, allowing students to re-enter the work at different points without losing overall progress, and key instructions were documented to support catch-up when needed.

Diverse learner needs is also addressed through differentiation built into the task structure. Students can engage at their own level through multiple entry points, collaborative work opportunities, and optional extensions. This ensures that students who required more support can focus on core outcomes, while those ready for additional challenge can deepen their learning through more advanced technical and analytical components.

 

Integrating Disciplines: Where does your lesson plan fall on the continuum and why? How might you move the lesson plan along the continuum to the next level? Multidisciplinary Interdisciplinary Transdisciplinary

 

While the lesson incorporates some transdisciplinary features—particularly in the way tools and methods from one subject are applied to address challenges in another—it remains primarily interdisciplinary in nature. The emphasis currently leans more heavily toward design thinking and technical problem-solving than toward the underlying scientific principles. To move this work further toward a truly transdisciplinary approach, greater collaboration with grade-level science teachers would be beneficial. This would allow for a deeper exploration of the biological factors that influence plant care and growth. For example, students could investigate why different plants have distinct environmental needs by comparing species such as a succulent (e.g., Echeveria) and a culinary herb like Thai basil. Examining the physiological and structural differences between these plants would provide a stronger scientific foundation for their design decisions. Expanding the inquiry in this way could also open the door to broader discussions about biodiversity and adaptation, while still anchoring the learning in the central challenge of understanding and responding to the specific needs of a chosen plant.

 

AI Usage: If you used AI, describe how it was used and in which steps of the Field Activity.

 

An LLM was used only at the final stage of the process, as a tool for critical review of the completed lesson plan. It was not used in the design or development of the lesson’s procedures, instructional flow, or technical components.

 

Reflect on the course in general: How has your teaching changed as a result of this course? What are some concepts that you would like to learn more about? How can you support other teachers in your practice to use digital fabrication with their students?

 

As a result of this course, my teaching practice has evolved significantly, particularly in my confidence and willingness to integrate digital fabrication tools into my instruction. I am now much more comfortable using Fab Lab equipment such as 3D printers, the vinyl cutter, laser cutter, Micro:bit systems, and a range of basic electronics. This increased familiarity has made it easier for me to meaningfully incorporate these tools into lesson plans rather than treating them as isolated or supplementary activities.

In addition, I have become more confident in designing interdisciplinary learning experiences that combine multiple tools and techniques within a single unit. Rather than focusing on one technology at a time, I now see greater value in blending different fabrication methods to support more authentic, problem-based learning.

Another key shift has been my willingness to share my work and actively seek feedback from colleagues within the Fab Lab community. This collaborative mindset has helped improve my practice and opened up new perspectives on how to refine and strengthen lesson design.

Moving forward, one area I would like to deepen my knowledge in is prototyping—particularly how to better support students in rapidly iterating and refining their designs in a structured way.

In terms of supporting other teachers, I can contribute by sharing detailed lesson plans and demonstrating how accessible these tools can be with practice. By modeling entry-level activities and providing guidance, I can help colleagues become more comfortable integrating digital fabrication technologies into their own classrooms.

 

 

The Instructions

: Inquiry and Analysis — Initial Research

Students will research the plants that they will be caring for, and assess their most essential needs.

  1. Give students access to their individual slide deck (included in lesson materials). This Google Slides presentation will be their learning diary for this project.
  2. Briefly introduce the project to the class. Give a quick overview of what will be expected throughout the five class periods for the activity:
  3. Inquiry: Researching plants to learn their needs and responses to environmental factors.
  4. Planning: Sketch designs for pots, considering features necessary for plant growth
  5. CAD Design: Implement chosen design in CAD software, accounting for dimensions and all features
  6. Sensor Logic: Develop a framework for what information is needed and how to communicate it
  7. Programming: Building MakeCode program for micro:bit sensor to communicate essential information
  8. Reflection: Test project and reflect on the effectiveness of the designs
  9. Introduce today’s task. Students should be focussed today on finding an easily procurable and relatively low-maintenance plant (herb, succulent, etc.), and researching its specific environmental needs. What are its ideal conditions? They should consider:
  10. Sunlight level
  11. Temperature
  12. Soil moisture level
  13. Frequency of watering/drainage
  14. Pot size
  15. Students will record their research findings in their learning diary. This will be the reference they will be using for their designs for both their pots and sensors.

 

B: Developing Ideas — Pot Design

Students will develop three design ideas for an effective pot environment for their chosen plant, then select a final design to carry forward.

  1. Introduce today’s task. Students should use this class period to analyse the plant needs that they assessed in the previous class and to convert them into workable designs for the plant’s pot.
  2. Important details that the students should consider include:
  3. The amount of space the plant needs for root growth (diameter and depth of the pot)
  4. Number of drainage holes (how much moisture does the plant’s soil need to retain?)
  5. Stability (what factors can affect the pot’s balance? how can you ensure that it remains upright?)
  6. Pot location (how much light does the plant need? could that affect how the pot should be designed?)
  7. Aesthetics
  8. After presenting their three sketches, they should develop the design ideas into a final design, with justifications for design choices. Their initial and chosen designs should be recorded in their learning diary.

 

C1: Creating the Solution — CAD Software

Students will learn the basics of 3D CAD design and transform their initial ideas into a three-dimensional object.

  1. Introduce today’s task. Students should use this period to familiarise themselves with TinkerCAD and how to use geometric solids, dimensioning, and extrusion, and to create a 3D design for their pot, using the design elements established in the previous period.
  2. Provide a brief lesson demonstration of 3D CAD design. Throughout the year, students should have previous experience with TinkerCAD and 3D design, but briefly review how to use sketch layers, extrusion, three-dimensional solids, and holes.
  3. In their learning diary, students should record justifications for their adaptations from the initial design to the 3D print file, including how drainage was addressed and how they considered the requirements of their plant’s size and shape.
  4. Students may also be provided a .STL file containing a housing for their micro:bit sensor, and implement that within the structure of their pot.
  5. When complete, students will export their designs as a .STL file and place them in the 3D printer queue. This may require manual teacher approval.

 

C2: Analysis and Developing Ideas — micro:bit Sensors

Students will establish the logic of the program they are going to need to create for their plant's environmental sensors.

  1. Introduce today’s task. The primary focus of this period is to determine which sensors are most necessary for the healthy growth of their chosen plant, and how the information should be communicated. After they have established their goals and logic, they should write block code in MakeCode to accomplish them.
  2. Students should have an intermediate understanding of micro:bit programming at this point. During this class, you should introduce more advanced concepts in coding, including:
  3. loops, which they can use to collect data at regular intervals
  4. radio, which they can use to communicate between two micro:bits
  5. arrays, which they can use to collect and transmit sets of data
  6. serial, which they can use to communicate between micro:bits and their computers or iPads
  7. Provide examples of use for each of the above (included in slides, but you can also give a live demonstration)
  8. Basic requirements are for students to submit code that functions to provide data about the plant’s environment, but higher scores can be granted to students for additional functionality that improves convenience, shows context, or increases depth of information provided (e.g. communicating between devices, using strings that indicate which points of data are being recorded, collecting data in an array to show change over time, etc).
  9. Students will record their logic and a screenshot of their code in their learning diary.
  10. When complete, students will download their code onto one or both of their provided micro:bits and install the sensor into their printed pot.

 

Link to (incomplete) sample code included in slides

Link to more advanced complete code example

D: Evaluating Your Ideas

Students will test their 3D-printed pots and sensors to assess whether their goals were accomplished.

  1. Introduce today’s task. The focus of the final period of the activity is on finalising all work and setting up their pots to evaluate the effectiveness of their designs.
  2. Students should fill their pots with potting soil and plant their plants in the pot (if not done already), then set up their sensors to begin collecting data. Students can analyse the data to assess whether the environment in which they have placed their pot is suitable. Additionally, students can return outside of class to continue assessing their plant’s status.
  3. Students will reflect on their work, including successes and failures, and on what they could do to improve in a second iteration. This reflection can be recorded in their learning diary, or it can be delivered to the group as a short presentation on their work.

 

 

 

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